Kamis, 24 Mei 2012

Have you ever heard about death legislation? in some circumstances  death is legalize. well just read this... enjoy... :)


Legislation of death is commonly takes for the response of terminal illness, like what Silk and Greenberg wrote in their article. However, it also takes for the punishment of dead murderer as what Royko discussed in his article. The question is, is it deserve for a person or groups to decide who have right to die? I do against those kinds of legislation of death. Everyone has their right to life and struggle it. Not even family or physicians can intervene the right to life.
Once, everyone have right to life. It has stated as the foundation of the international human right. As we can see in some articles above that people who suffered by terminal illness keep struggled for medical care to prolong their life no matter the risk. This is what naturally people have tobdo. Related to that case, some reasons to legalize death caused by bill of medical treatment and hopeless of recovery is irrational. As long as the patient has the desire to continue the medical treatment and fight the disease, all related party should be ready to support.
 Another case for the dead punishment of murderer, I do agree that it should be opposed. Even they did a murdering crime, they still have right to life, they are also still have family that expecting for their existence. If we gave the death punishment to a murderer, then which side that distinguish us with the murderers? Although using more civilize way rather than what the murderer did to the victim, it just causes another family lost their family member and their happiness. There must be more civilized punishment to make them redeem what they have done. 
Second, Family should not intervene in deciding the right to die. For some cases like terminal illness, it cannot be receive that when family agree to stop the medical treatment therefore the patient should stop all the treatment such as medicine and medical device to support their life. If the problem is money, it also cannot be received. Money is something that we can look for, but family, it could not be replaced. To keep the members of family among us must be worth more than anything. What family has to do is to give support to the patient whether material or immaterial.
From physician point of view, when a disease has no hope to be recovered, it is not a wise way to directly decide the patient should die or not. There is still any hope of miracle because we have God. There are also some evident that even thousand years in comma, patient still have possibility to waken up. As wrote by BBC, a man named Jan Grzebski, have woken up after 19 years coma. He was hit by the train accidentally. Even people around them do not convince that he would wake up, but he proved that he wakes up after all. It is because he has great intention for his live and his family.
Death and live was something that must be happened in life. However, to decide someone has right to die or not is not people’s role. What people can do is struggle for life and creates meaningful life whether for themselves or others.

Reference
BBC (2007). Pole Wakes Up from 19-year Coma. taken from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/6715313.stm [19-05-2012]

Rabu, 09 Mei 2012

Communicative language teaching


Have you ever heard about CLT? I hope my essay about that will be useful. U can check it below. :)


Advantages and Disadvantages of Communicative Language Teaching
Nowadays, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) method has become one of the basic in Indonesian teaching learning process. The principles of CLT have implicitly included into Indonesia Basic Curriculum, especially in the General Principles of Curriculum Development and combine with another method. “The Goal [of CLT] is to enable students to communicate in the target language.”(Larsen,2000). We can infer that CLT is not only focuses on mastering language elements, but it more emphasizes on the use of the target language communicatively. It has brought many advantages for the improvement of the English education process, however there are also some disadvantages that following.
    The implementation of CLT has brought a lot of advantages for English learning process. One, it stimulates students to improve their ability of using English by themselves. Meaning that, it provides students with assignments that allow them to improve their own ideas about what they are going to talk and how they are going to express that. In this activity, the biggest role of the teacher is to facilitate and maintain the students’ activities. Students work by themselves and communicate with others to overcome the assignment.
CLT also engage their students with realistic communication to reach success on the use of English. It is beneficial because by knowing the use of the communication in the real life, students do not feel that what they are learning is useless. There are real circumstances that related to the use of the language. It brings the real life situation of the native English into classroom activities such as role-play and simulation. As Harmer state, “ The teacher will not intervene to stop the activity and the materials he or she [students] relies on will not dictate what specific language students use either.” (Harmer,2007) It means that teachers let the realistic activity completed, because in the real life, there is no one that intervenes in the middle of conversation just to dictate them the language that should be used.
    Besides the advantages above, there are also some disadvantages of using the CLT method. Using CLT restrict students’ understanding about smaller elements of the language, for instance, grammar and syntax system. As an article that published in the internet by Teaching English For All, it presents one of the disadvantages of CLT:
Some people believe that with CLT there is a danger of focusing too much on oral skills at the expense of reading and writing skills, and that there may be too much focus on meaning at the expense of form. It is felt that there is not enough emphasis on the correction of pronunciation and grammar errors.(English For All, 2011)
We can infer that, delivering of language elements in CLT is only happened through inductive way which students understand them only from specific contextual materials. Teachers do not explain the elements directly, but they include the elements in order to reach function of what they are going to use, such as order, refuse, etc, therefore it sometime left miss understanding in students’ mind. 
    Another disadvantage is that CLT needs longer communicative process. CLT activities need a lot of outputs. But if the students do not have sufficient background or knowledge about the activities, teachers have to provide them models to support the activities of communication.  Therefore, they are able to process the materials to organize their need to communicate what the classroom activities asked. If it compared with the earlier methods such as Grammar Translation Method and Direct method, it needs longer time of learning process. In traditional teaching system, for instance, Grammatical Translation Method, teachers are the one who give materials, whether what the students need is only receive what the teachers are given.
    There are must be advantages and disadvantages following the development of a system or method, like what is happened in CLT. However, the most important thing is to understand how to optimize the advantages and compress the disadvantages properly in order to achieve the general goal, in this case is to reach the well teaching learning process.


Reference
Harmer, J (2007). The Practice of English Language Teaching. England: Longman.
Larsen, D. Freeman (2000). Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. New York: Oxford
Teaching English 4 All (2011). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and the Post -Method Era. Retrieved from http://teachingenglish4all.wordpress.com/2011/04/22/communicative-language-teaching-clt-and-the-post-method-era/ [accessed 29/04/2012]